Opel Astra, Zafira

Since 1998 of release

Repair and car operation

Systems of cooling, heating

The general information

System of cooling of the engine

The typical scheme of functioning of system of cooling of an internal combustion engine

All models of cars considered in the present Management are equipped by system of cooling of the engine working at superfluous pressure with thermostatic management of circulation of a working liquid. The water pump is fixed on the block of the engine and provides prorolling of a cooling liquid through охладительный a path of the last. The liquid stream washes areas of an arrangement of each of cylinders in the block then goes to a back part of the engine. Laid in moulding of the block and a head of cylinders охладительные channels provide intensive cooling of inlet and final ports, areas of installation of spark plugs and directing plugs of final valves (the Typical scheme of functioning of system of cooling of an internal combustion engine see an illustration).

From the moment of start of the engine the cooling system passes through three modes of functioning: at the first stage while the temperature of a cooling liquid has not risen above certain value, it circulates on a small circle from which working contour the radiator is excluded. In process of the further warming up of a liquid opens тарельчатый the valve included in a system path возкозаполненного the thermostat and the circulation contour joins a radiator. Further, on reaching temperature of a cooling liquid of the next control value, works the thermosensitive gauge-switch providing activation of the fan of system of cooling, forced which additional air stream appreciably raises efficiency of functioning of the heat exchanger of a radiator.

The cooling system has a tight design and is densely closed by a cover of the radiator, capable to maintain certain superfluous pressure that provides increase of a boiling point of a cooling liquid and, accordingly, efficiency of a heat-conducting path through a radiator. At excess by internal pressure in system of some certain value, подпружиненная the plate of the radiator of a safety valve built in in a cover rises over the saddle, providing an overflowing of surplus of a cooling liquid on connecting (переливной) to a tube in a broad tank. In process of cooling of system the liquid automatically comes back from a tank in a radiator.

Доливание a cooling liquid in system it is made through a mouth of a broad tank (Routine maintenance see the Head) which simultaneously acts also in a role of the receiver accumulating in superseded from radiator surplus of a liquid.

In view of the listed features of a design, such system of cooling has received the name closed as in it any functional losses of a working body are excluded.

Systems of heating and salon ventilation

The basic components of system of heating of salon are the 4-speed electric fan and the heat exchanger placed in a box-shaped casing of a heater, fixed under the panel of devices of the car. The heat exchanger by means of rubber hoses is connected to system of cooling of the engine (the Typical scheme of functioning of system of cooling of an internal combustion engine see an illustration). The block of management is built in by functioning of a heater / of the conditioner of air in the panel of devices of the car. Разогретая in the engine the cooling liquid circulates through the heater heat exchanger, giving the to air warmly filling a casing. At inclusion of heating of salon there is an opening lamellar заслонки therefore the internal volume of a casing of a heater incorporates to salon volume. At fan inclusion крыльчатка air submitted to salon through the heat exchanger starts to banish the last, providing its intensive warming up.

Air giving in salon is carried out through дефлекторы obverse level (two central and two lateral), nozzles of foot wells and дефлекторы обдува a windscreen. On models Zafira air intake in a back part of salon through дефлекторы, established in a back part of the central console is in addition organised.

Instructions for use elements of management of functioning of systems of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning in detail see the Operation manual.

Air central air

Principle of functioning of a central air of air

The central air structure includes the condenser established ahead of a radiator close to the heat exchanger of a heater the evaporator, fixed on the block of the engine the compressor, and the filtering receiver-dehumidifier (accumulator) equipped редукционным with the valve of a high pressure. All components are connected among themselves by refrigerator lines (the Principle of functioning of a central air of air see an illustration).

The fan banishes air arriving in salon through the heat exchanger of the evaporator working in a mode, the return to a mode of functioning of a radiator. The coolant pumped over through the heat exchanger begins to boil and, evaporating, selects at air surplus of heat. The temperature in salon thus decreases to demanded comfortable value (for choice the operator). The compressor supports coolant circulation in system, pumping over разогретую a liquid through the condenser where it is cooled and arrives back in the evaporator.

Instructions for use elements of management of functioning of systems of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning in detail see the Operation manual.

Safety measures